ACCT 504 Final Exam Answers Practice

1. (TCO A) Which one of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to partnerships and sole proprietorships? (Points : 5)

Reduced legal liability for investors
Harder to transfer ownership
Lower taxes
Most common form of organization

2. (TCO A) When a corporation distributes a dividend, _____. (Points : 5)

the most common form of distribution is a cash dividend
the Dividends account will be increased with a credit
the Retained Earnings account will be directly increased with a debit
the Dividends account will be decreased with a debit

3. (TCOs A, B) Below is a partial list of account balances for Cerner Company:

Cash $5,000
Prepaid insurance 500
Accounts receivable 2,500
Accounts payable 2,000
Notes payable 3,000
Common stock 1,000
Dividends 500
Revenues 15,000
Expenses 12,500

What did Cerner Company show as total credits? (Points : 5)

$21,500
$21,000
$20,500
$22,000

4. (TCOs B, E) Using accrual accounting, expenses are recorded and reported only _____. (Points : 5)

when they are incurred, whether or not cash is paid
when they are incurred and paid at the same time
if they are paid before they are incurred
if they are paid after they are incurred

5. (TCO D) Three companies report the same cost of goods available for sale, but each employs a different inventory costing method. If the price of goods has increased during the period, then the company using _____. (Points : 5)

LIFO will have the highest ending inventory
FIFO will have the highest cost of goods sold
All three companies will have the same value for ending inventory.
average cost will have an ending inventory value that falls between FIFO and LIFO

6. (TCOs A, E) Equipment with a cost of $192,000 has an estimated salvage value of $18,000 and an estimated life of 4 years or 12,000 hours. It is to be depreciated by the straight-line method. What is the amount of depreciation for the first full year, during which the equipment was used 3,300 hours? (Points : 5)

$48,000
$52,500
$49,500
$43,500

7. (TCOs D, G) Joyce Corporation issues 1,000 ten-year, 8%, $1,000 bonds dated January 1, 2007, at 102. The journal entry to record the issuance will show a _____. (Points : 5)
debit to Cash of $1,020,000
debit to Discount on Bonds Payable for $20,000
credit to Bonds Payable for $1,020,000
credit to Cash for $1,000,000

8. (TCO C) Accounts receivable arising from sales to customers amounted to $80,000 and $70,000 at the beginning and end of the year, respectively. Income reported on the income statement for the year was $240,000. Exclusive of the effect of other adjustments, the cash flows from operating activities to be reported on the statement of cash flows is _____. (Points : 5)

$240,000
$250,000
$310,000
$230,000

9. (TCO F) One variation of the horizontal analysis is known as _____. (Points : 5)

nonlinear analysis
vertical analysis
trend analysis
common-size analysis

10. (TCO F) Comparisons of data within a company are an example of the following comparative basis. (Points : 5)
Industry averages

Intercompany
Intracompany
Interregional

11. (TCO F) Which one of the following is not a characteristic generally evaluated in ratio analysis? (Points : 5)

Liquidity
Profitability
Marketability of the product
Solvency

12. (TCO F) Short-term creditors are usually most interested in assessing _____. (Points : 5)

solvency
liquidity
marketability
profitability

13. (TCO F) Long-term creditors are usually most interested in evaluating _____. (Points : 5)

liquidity
marketability
profitability
solvency

14. (TCO G) To calculate the market value of a bond, we need to _____. (Points : 5)

find out the present value of all of the future cash payments promised by the bond
calculate the present value of the principal only
calculate the present value of the interest only
multiply the bond price by the interest rate

1. (TCO A) Below you will find selected information (in millions) from Coca-Cola Co.’s 2012 Annual Report:

Income Taxes Payable

$471

Short-term Investments and Marketable Securities

8,109

Cash

8,442

Other non-current Liabilities

10,449

Common Stock

1,760

Receivables

4,812

Other Current Assets

2,973

Long-term Investments

10,448

Other Non-current Assets

3,585

Property, Plant and Equipment

23,486

Trademarks

6,527

Other Intangible Assets

20,810

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

53

Accumulated Depreciation

9,010

Accounts Payable

8,680

Short Term Notes Payable

17,874

Prepaid Expenses

2,781

Other Current Liabilities

796

Long-Term Liabilities

14,736

Paid-in-Capital in Excess of Par Value

11,379

Retained Earnings

55,038

Inventories

3,264

Treasury Stock

35,009

Other information taken from the Annual Report:

Sales Revenue for 2012
$48,017
Cost of Goods Sold for 2012
19,053
Net Income for 2012
9,019
Inventory Balance on 12/31/11
3,092
Net Accounts Receivable Balance on 12/31/11
4,920
Total Assets on 12/31/11
79,974
Equity Balance on 12/31/11
31,921

Required:
1. Using the information provided prepare a Balance Sheet. Separate the current assets from non-current assets and provide a total for each. Also separate the current liabilities from the non-current liabilities and provide a total for each.
2. Using the Balance Sheet from your answer above calculate; Current Ratio, Days in Inventory, Average Collection Period, Return on Assets Ratio, Debt to Total Assets and Return on common stockholders’ equity ratio. (Make sure to show all your work)

(Points : 36)

SEE the attached EXCEL FILE 1cocacola

2. (TCO B) The following selected data was retrieved from the Wal-Mart, Inc. financial statements for the year ending January 31, 2013:

Accounts Payable

$38,080

Accounts Receivable

6,768

Cash

7,781

Common Stock

3,952

Cost of Goods Sold

352,488

Income Tax Expense

7,981

Interest Expenses

2,064

Membership Revenues

3,048

Net Sales

466,114

Operating, Selling and Administrative Expenses

88,873

Retained Earnings

72,978

Required:

Using the information provided above:
1. Prepare a multiple-step income statement
2. Calculate the Profit Margin, and Gross profit rate for the company. Be sure to provide the formula you are using, show your calculations, and discuss your findings/results.

(Points : 36)

SEE the attached EXCEL FILE 2WalMart

3. (TCO C) Please review the following real-world Hewlett Packard Statement of Cash flows and address the 2 questions below:

Cash flow from operating activities

In millions

In millions

For the year ended 2012
For the year ended 2011
Net (loss) earnings

$(12,650)

$7,074

Depreciation and amortization

5,095

4,984

Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets

18,035

885

Stock-based compensation expense

635

685

Provision for doubtful accounts

142

81

Provision for inventory

277

217

Restructuring charges

2,266

645

Deferred taxes on earnings

(711)

166

Excess tax benefit from stock-based competition

(12)

(163)

Other, net

265

(46)

Accounts and financing receivables

1,269

(227)

Inventory

890

(1,252)

Accounts payable

(1,414)

275

Taxes on earnings

(320)

610

Restructuring

(840)

(1,002)

Other assets and liabilities

(2,356)

(293)

Net cash provided by operating activities

10,571

12,639

Cash flows from investing activities:

Investment in property, plant, and equipment

(3,706)

(4,539)

Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment

617

999

Purchases of available-for-sale securities and other investments

(972)

(96)

Maturities and sales of available-for-sale securities and other investment

662

68

Payments in connection with business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

(141)

(10,480)

Proceeds from business divestiture, net

87

89

Net cash used in investing activities

(3,453)

(13,959)

Cash flow from financing activities:

(Payments) issuance of commercial paper and notes payable, net

(2,775)

(1,270)

Issuance of debt

5,154

11,942

Payment of debt

(4,333)

(2,336)

Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans

716

896

Repurchase of common stock

(1,619)

(10,117)

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

12

163

Cash dividends paid

(1,015)

(844)

Net cash used in financing activities

(3,860)

(1,566)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

3,258

(2,886)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

8,043

10,929

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

$11,301

$8,043

Required:

1) Please calculate the percentage increase or decrease in cash for the operating, investing, and financing sections and explain the major reasons for the increase or decrease for each of these sections.

2) Please calculate the free cash flow for 2012 and explain the meaning of this ratio.

(Points : 36)

SEE the attached EXCEL FILE 3HewletPackard

4. (TCO D) You are CFO of Goforit, Inc., a wholesale distribution company specializing in emerging technologies. Your CEO is a brilliant marketer, but relies on you to explain issues and choices in accounting and finance. She has heard from other members of a CEO organization to which she belongs that a company’s net income can vary widely depending on which accounting choices are made from the “GAAP menu.”

Assuming the goal is to maximize net income, choose an accounting treatment from each of the following scenarios, and explain to your CEO why the choice will produce the desired effect on reported Net Income for the current year. Include in your answer the effect of the choice on both the income statement and balance sheet.

Required:

a. Goforit carries significant electronics inventory in a competitive environment where prices are actually falling. Which inventory valuation method would you choose—LIFO, FIFO, or average cost? Assume that unit purchases exceed unit sales.

b. Goforit has a large investment in warehouse equipment including conveyor belts, forklifts, and automated packaging systems. Which depreciation method would you choose: Straight line (SL) or double declining balance (DDB)?

(Points : 36)

Solution:

A. In this scenario I would use FIFO. The only way to battle failing costs is to get the newer merchandise out the door quicker before it depreciates faster that what the cost is, thus making negative profit on the merchandise. Merchandise that has already been in stock for a longer period has already deprecated affecting the balance and income statements, so battle this by making as much profit as possible on the incoming merchandise.

B. I would use the straight line depreciation method that factors in the salvage value after x numbers of years of use. If the company would use the DDB, then it ignores the salvage value, so if the equipment in question book value drops below the salvage value, there would be a negative benefit to the company in trying to sell or replace the equipment

.

5. (TCO F) Please review the following real-world ratios for Johnson & Johnson and Pfizer for the year ended 2012 and address the 2 questions below.

Ratio Name

Johnson & Johnson

Pfizer

Profit margin

16.1%

24.7%

Inventory turnover ratio

3.1

1.7

Average collection period

59.4 days

69.1 days

Cash debt coverage ratio

.27

.16

Debt to Total assets

46.6%

127.5%

Required:

1) Please explain the meaning of each of the Pfizer ratios above.

2) Please state which company performed better for each ratio.

(Points : 36)

Solution:

The profit margin of Pfizer is 24.7%. It is a profitability measure and it implies that for every one dollar of revenue generated the company has made a profit of 25 cents. The inventory turnover ratio indicates that the company has sold or replaced its inventory 1.7 times during the year. The average collection period suggests that the company takes 69.1 days to collect its payments from its sales on account. The company has a cash debt coverage ratio of .16 times. It implies that the cash provided by the operating activities are .16 times of the average liabilities of the company and it has a sufficient cushion to repay its liabilities out of the cash generated from the operating activities without having to liquidate its assets used in the operations. The debt to total assets is 127.5% of the total assets. It indicates that 127.5% of its total assets are financed through debt.

The profit margin of Pfizer is better than that of J&J. Pfizer has higher profitability. The inventory turnover of Pfizer is low compared to that of J&J. It means that the inventory of Pfizer is not being sold quickly. The average collection period of J&J is lower than that of Pfizer. It implies that J&J is making more timely collection of its accounts as compared to Pfizer.  The cash debt coverage ratio of J&J is better than that of Pfizer. The debt to total assets ratio of Pfizer is abnormal. J&J’s debt to total assets is comfortable and better than that of Pfizer.