Care of Families Study Guide Question and Answers

Care of Families Study Guide Question and Answers

 

 

1) The nurse is completing an assessment on a 5-year-old child. One of the questions the nurse asks the mother is how many people live together in the house. The mother states that the father, two aunts, one uncle, three children, and she live together in the house. On the basis of the mother’s answer, how should the nurse describe this family type?

1. Nuclear.
2. Extended.
3. Stepfamily.
4. Blended.

Answer:  2

Explanation:  2. An extended family involves two or more adults from different generations living in the same household. The nuclear family is composed of husband, wife, and children. Blended families, or stepfamilies, are composed of a heterosexual or same-sex couple, one or both of whom have been involved in a prior relationship, and children from the prior relationship(s). A stepfamily is a type of blended family.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Application

Learning Outcome:  14-2

 

2) The nurse learns that a client is married and has no children living at home. Which type of family should the nurse document for this client?

1. Extended.
2. Nuclear.
3. Childless.
4. Blended.

Answer:  3

Explanation:  3. The childless family is an adult couple who have never had children or who live apart from children. A nuclear family is an adult couple with biological or adopted children. An extended family involves two or more adults from different generations living in the same household. Blended families, or stepfamilies, are composed of a heterosexual or same-sex couple, one or both of whom have been involved in a prior relationship, and children from the prior relationship(s).

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-2

 

3) An adolescent tells the nurse that she lives with her mother from Monday to Friday each week and then she lives with her father on Saturday and Sunday. How should the nurse describe this client’s family structure?

1. Nuclear.
2. Stepfamily.
3. Extended.
4. Single-parent.

Answer:  4

Explanation:  4. Single-parent families are comprised of one adult and one or more children living in the same household. A nuclear family is an adult couple with biological or adopted children. A stepfamily is a type of blended family. An extended family involves two or more adults from different generations living in the same household.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-2

 

4) At the completion of a family assessment the nurse provides positive feedback to the parents and adult children. What type of feedback did the nurse most likely provide to this family?

1. Father’s employer cut hours and salary.
2. Mother starting a home sewing business.
3. Oldest daughter starting a new job next week.
4. Oldest son moving into an apartment within a month.

Answer:  1

Explanation:  1. Positive feedback indicates that discrepancies remain between actual and desired states and that action is required. The father losing work hours and salary would be considered positive feedback because action is required. Negative feedback indicates that family processes are achieving desired goals and that no change is required. Negative feedback would be the mother’s home business, oldest daughter starting a new job, and the oldest son moving out of the home.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Evaluation

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-1

 

5) During a seminar with parents of adopted children the nurse explains that families pass through predictive stages. Upon which theory is the nurse basing this explanation?

1. Symbolic interaction.
2. Systems models.
3. Family lifecycle models.
4. Nuclear models.

Answer:  3

Explanation:  3. Family lifecycle models are based on the supposition that human beings and social units, such as families, develop in a logical fashion with predictable stages or milestones during their development. Systems models conceive of families as open systems in which the whole of the system is more than the sum of its component parts or members but also includes the interactions among them. Symbolic interaction theory views the family as a group of interacting individuals whose interactions shape the roles and personalities of its members. Nuclear is a type of family structure.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-1

 

6) The nurse is assessing a family dealing with the stress of unemployment and the stress of a child with chronic asthma. The assessment reveals that the family is attending to only those aspects of the situation that do not cause distress or pain. How should the nurse document this assessment finding?

1. Denial.
2. Selective inattention.
3. Isolation.
4. Rationalization.

Answer:  2

Explanation:  2. Selective inattention is described as attending to only those aspects of the situation that do not cause distress or pain. Denial is ignoring threat-provoking aspects of a situation or changing the meaning of the situation to make it less threatening. Isolation is separating emotion from content in a situation so one can deal objectively with otherwise threatening or emotionally overwhelming conditions. Rationalization is giving a “good” or rational excuse but is not the real reason for responding to a situation with a particular behavior.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-3

 

7) The nurse assesses the father’s role within the family to be primarily formal. What did the family explain as being his major functions within the family? (Select all that apply.)

1. Comforter.
2. Chauffeur.
3. Financial manager.
4. Caregiver.
5. Confidant.

Answer:  2, 3

Explanation:  2. Formal roles are expected sets of behaviors associated with family positions such as breadwinner, homemaker, house repairman, chauffeur, child caretaker, financial manager, and cook. Informal roles influence the psychological dimension within the family by determining whether, how, and by whom emotional needs are met; examples include comforter, caregiver, and confidant.

3. Formal roles are expected sets of behaviors associated with family positions such as breadwinner, homemaker, house repairman, chauffeur, child caretaker, financial manager, and cook. Informal roles influence the psychological dimension within the family by determining whether, how, and by whom emotional needs are met; examples include comforter, caregiver, and confidant.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-4

 

8) The nurse suspects that a family is experiencing a developmental crisis. What is occurring within the family for the nurse to make this clinical decision?

1. Oldest daughter getting married.
2. Grandfather diagnosed with an illness.
3. Uncle recently passed away.
4. The home was damaged by a tornado a week ago.

Answer:  1

Explanation:  1. A developmental crisis is viewed as a “normal” transition point where old patterns of communication and old roles must be exchanged for new patterns and roles. Every family experiences developmental crisis points, whether or not a crisis is actually experienced. Examples of transition periods when developmental crises may occur include marriage. Examples of situational crises (when the family experiences an event that is sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable) are illness, accidents, death, and natural disasters.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-5

 

9) The nurse is educating the family regarding general needs for adequate nutrition, rest, and physical activity. Which type of care is the nurse providing to this family?

1. Health promotion.
2. Health protections.
3. Injury prevention.
4. Illness prevention.

Answer:  1

Explanation:  1. Population health nurses can educate family members regarding the need for adequate nutrition, rest, and physical activity to promote health. Safety education and advocating use of safety devices or equipment are some potential approaches to health protection and injury prevention with families. Illness prevention may include teaching effective hygiene, referral for immunization, or advocating for access to safe water and food supplies as well as other interventions.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Implementation

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-6

 

10) The population health nurse is advocating with local police for adequate protection for a woman and her children. Which family intervention is the nurse implementing?

1. Health promotion.
2. Illness prevention.
3. Injury prevention.
4. Problem resolution.

Answer:  3

Explanation:  3. Safety education is an approach to injury prevention with families. Population health nurses can educate family members regarding the need for adequate nutrition, rest, and physical activity to promote health. Illness prevention may include teaching effective hygiene, referral for immunization, or advocating for access to safe water and food supplies as well as other interventions. Problem-resolution activities with families may be aimed at assisting families to obtain needed care for existing health problems or helping families to deal with these problems.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Implementation

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-6

 

11) The nurse is assisting a family with crisis interventions. Which family-focused intervention is the nurse implementing?

1. Health promotion.
2. Problem resolution.
3. Illness prevention.
4. Health restoration.

Answer:  2

Explanation:  2. Crisis intervention is an important element of problem resolution in the care of many families. Crisis intervention is directed toward helping members to discuss and define the problem and to express their feelings concerning the crisis situation. Population health nurses can educate family members regarding the need for adequate nutrition, rest, and physical activity to promote health. Illness prevention may include teaching effective hygiene, referral for immunization, or advocating for access to safe water and food supplies as well as other interventions. Health restoration occurs after a crisis and might involve following up with the family to help them recognize their use of the problem-solving process, identify how the crisis might have been averted if possible, and engage in activities that will prevent future crises from occurring.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Implementation

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-6

 

12) The population health nurse is making a home visit with a family who has a child who recently became a paraplegic. The nurse suggests some home modifications to accommodate the child’s disability. Which family-focused intervention is the nurse using?

1. Illness prevention.
2. Problem resolution.
3. Health restoration.
4. Injury prevention.

Answer:  3

Explanation:  3. With respect to health restoration, population health nurses may assist families to cope with long-term health problems or to deal with the consequences of those problems in ways that promote an optimal level of health. For example, a nurse might suggest home modifications that permit a disabled family member to be more functional within the family. Illness prevention may include teaching effective hygiene, referral for immunization, or advocating for access to safe water and food supplies as well as other interventions. Problem-resolution activities with families may be aimed at assisting families to obtain needed care for existing health problems or helping families to deal with these problems. Safety education and advocating use of safety devices or equipment are some potential approaches to injury prevention with families.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Implementation

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-6

 

13) The nurse is concerned that an adult daughter of a nuclear family is experiencing developmental, situational, and structural crises. What did the nurse assess to make this determination?

(Select all that apply.)

1. Mother’s sister moved out of state.
2. Aging father developed renal failure.
3. Daughter recently remarried at age 45.
4. Daughter’s spouse purchased a new car.
5. Daughter expected to pay for aging parent’s health care.

Answer:  2, 3, 5

Explanation:  2. A situational crisis can occur when the family experiences an event that is sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable. An event such as an illness threatens biological, psychological, or social integrity and leads to disorganization, tension, and severe anxiety. A developmental crisis such as marriage is viewed as a “normal” transition point where old patterns of communication and old roles must be exchanged for new patterns and roles. Every family experiences developmental crisis points, whether or not a crisis is actually experienced. A structural crisis occurs when a family is unable or unwilling to accept new roles such as the daughter being expected to pay for an aging parent’s health care. The mother’s sister moving out of state and the daughter’s spouse purchasing a new car do not contribute to the three crises that the adult daughter is experiencing.

3. A situational crisis can occur when the family experiences an event that is sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable. An event such as an illness threatens biological, psychological, or social integrity and leads to disorganization, tension, and severe anxiety. A developmental crisis such as marriage is viewed as a “normal” transition point where old patterns of communication and old roles must be exchanged for new patterns and roles. Every family experiences developmental crisis points, whether or not a crisis is actually experienced. A structural crisis occurs when a family is unable or unwilling to accept new roles such as the daughter being expected to pay for an aging parent’s health care. The mother’s sister moving out of state and the daughter’s spouse purchasing a new car do not contribute to the three crises that the adult daughter is experiencing.
4. A situational crisis can occur when the family experiences an event that is sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable. An event such as an illness threatens biological, psychological, or social integrity and leads to disorganization, tension, and severe anxiety. A developmental crisis such as marriage is viewed as a “normal” transition point where old patterns of communication and old roles must be exchanged for new patterns and roles. Every family experiences developmental crisis points, whether or not a crisis is actually experienced. A structural crisis occurs when a family is unable or unwilling to accept new roles such as the daughter being expected to pay for an aging parent’s health care. The mother’s sister moving out of state and the daughter’s spouse purchasing a new car do not contribute to the three crises that the adult daughter is experiencing.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Evaluation

Client Need:  Psychosocial Integrity

Cognitive Level:  Analysis

Learning Outcome:  14-5

 

14) The nurse has drawn an ecomap to assist the family who is experiencing some relationship difficulties. What purpose does the ecomap serve to this family? The ecomap:

1. Diagrams the family tree.
2. Demonstrates how healthy the family is.
3. Prioritizes family relationships.
4. Depicts the relationships within and outside the family.

Answer:  4

Explanation:  4. An ecomap is a visual representation depicting relationships of family members with each other and with outside forces. A genogram, not an ecomap, is a diagram of a family tree. An ecomap does not demonstrate health and does not prioritize family relationships.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Planning

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Application

Learning Outcome:  14-3

 

15) The nurse observes that the family is exhibiting strengths in the face of a major unexpected adversity. What behavior should the nurse recognize this family is demonstrating?

1. Faith.
2. Resilience.
3. Projection.
4. Intellectualization.

Answer:  2

Explanation:  2. Family resilience is the ability of a family to function competently in the face of stressful demands. Projection is attributing one’s own motivation to other people. Intellectualization is focusing on abstract, technical, or logical aspects of a threatening situation to insulate oneself from painful emotions generated. Faith would not be the best way to describe this situation.

Nursing/Int.Conc:  Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level:  Application

Learning Outcome:  14-3