Homework Lance
5.1 True/False Questions
1) A spreadsheet should be used to store data with multiple themes.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 1
2) The purpose of a database is to keep track of things that involve a single theme.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 1
3) A database is a self-describing collection of integrated records.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
4) A database is best described as a collection of tables which are not related to each other.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
5) A group of similar rows or records is called a field.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
6) Special data that describes the structure of a database is called metadata.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
7) A key is a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 144-145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
8) The rows in a database need to have two or more primary keys.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
9) Metadata refer to entities that users of a database want to process.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 146
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
10) The format of metadata depends on the software product that is processing the database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 146
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
11) A DBMS is a software that helps to manage the operating system.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
12) MySQL is an open-source DBMS product which is license-free for most database applications.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
13) To modify an existing table, a developer opens the metadata form for that table and adds a new row of metadata.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
14) Most organizations develop their own DBMS software in order to obtain control over data.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 148
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
15) SQL is an international standard language for processing a database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 149
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
16) One of the functions of a DBMS is to provide tools to assist in the administration of the database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 149
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
17) DBMS is used to set up security systems involving user accounts, passwords, permissions, and limits for processing the database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 149
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
18) One of the developmental tasks of a database administrator is to create a system to record and manage the resolution of problems.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
19) Managing the impact of database structure changes on applications and users is an operational task for a database administrator.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
20) A database application is a collection of forms, reports, queries, and application programs that process a database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
21) A database must have only one application, though the application can have one or more users.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
22) Data entry forms are used to read, insert, modify, and delete data.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
23) A drawback of DBMS programs is that they do not provide comprehensive and robust features for querying database data.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 153
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
24) In order to find the data one is looking for in a DBMS, one has to type in the keyword into a query form.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 153
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
25) Application programs process logic that is specific to a given business need.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 153
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
26) The lost-update problem can be resolved by implementing multi-user database processing.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
27) Some type of locking must be used to coordinate the activities of users who know nothing about one another in order to prevent the lost-update problem.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
28) Microsoft’s SQL Server is an example of a personal DBMS product.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
29) Microsoft Access is both a DBMS and an application development product.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
30) Developers need to construct a data model before building a database.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
31) A data model describes data, whereas a database explains the relationships among the data that will be stored in the database.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
32) In data models, physical objects are represented as entities, whereas logical constructs and transactions are represented as attributes.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
33) Attributes are used to describe characteristics of entities.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
34) An identifier is an attribute or a group of attributes whose value is associated with one, and only one, entity instance.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
35) In an E-R diagram, an entity is represented by a single triangle and the relationships between entities are represented by dotted lines.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 157
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
36) A line in an E-R diagram is used to represent the attributes of the entities.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 158
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
37) The crow’s-foot notation of an E-R diagram shows the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a relationship.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
38) A crow’s foot notation would indicate the minimum cardinality of a relationship.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
39) Minimum cardinalities are a measure of the constraints on the number of entities required in a relationship.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
40) 1:N, N:M, and 1:1 are common examples of minimum cardinalities.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
41) The small oval on a line in an E-R diagram means that the relationship is optional.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
42) Normalization is the process of combining two or more tables into a single table.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
43) The data integrity problem occurs if data are duplicated.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 160
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
44) The general goal of normalization is to construct tables such that every table has a single topic or theme.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 160
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
45) Normalized tables are faster to process than denormalized tables.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 161
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
46) A foreign key is essential in relational databases to represent the relationship between two tables.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 161
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
47) The accuracy of a database design is independent of the corresponding data model.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 164
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
48) Users are the final judges as to what data the database should contain and how the records in that database should be related to one another.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 164
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 7
49) The easiest time to change the database structure is immediately before the data modeling stage.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 164
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 7
50) Google developed a nonrelational data store called Dynamo.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 165
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 8
51) Facebook developed a nonrelational data store called Bigtable.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 165
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 8
5.2 Multiple Choice Questions
1) A(n) ________ is a self-describing collection of integrated records.
A) cloud
B) database
C) storage folder
D) application software
Answer: B
Page Ref: 143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
2) Which of the following is the smallest data element in a database?
A) field
B) record
C) byte
D) file
Answer: C
Page Ref: 143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
3) The columns in a database are called ________.
A) records
B) tables
C) files
D) fields
Answer: D
Page Ref: 143-144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
4) The rows in a database are called ________.
A) records
B) tables
C) files
D) fields
Answer: A
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
5) The tables that appear in a database are known as ________.
A) records
B) files
C) fields
D) applications
Answer: B
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
6) Which of the following data elements is placed higher than records in the data hierarchy?
A) file
B) field
C) character
D) byte
Answer: A
Page Ref: 144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
7) A primary key used in a database is a ________.
A) group of rows that are formed to identify a unique table or file
B) column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table
C) character or byte that represents fields or columns
D) group of tables or files formed to identify a unique field or row
Answer: B
Page Ref: 144-145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
8) Albert creates a relational database to store employee performance statistics. He stores each employee’s data in independent rows and creates a column named “Employee Number” to assign unique numbers to each employee. This column is referred to as a(n) ________.
A) primary key
B) identifier
C) foreign key
D) primary record
Answer: A
Page Ref: 144-145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
9) Columns that belong to a different table than the one in which they reside are called ________.
A) attributes
B) foreign keys
C) primary keys
D) internal records
Answer: B
Page Ref: 145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
10) Relational databases represent relationships using ________.
A) foreign keys
B) file systems
C) metadata
D) unique identifiers
Answer: A
Page Ref: 145
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
11) Metadata are ________.
A) data stored on the main server
B) error logs of databases
C) data that describe data
D) encrypted data transmissions
Answer: C
Page Ref: 146
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
12) A(n) ________ is a program used to create, process, and administer a database.
A) operating system
B) DBMS
C) KMS
D) data mart
Answer: B
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
13) Which of the following is an example of a database management system?
A) MS Excel
B) Unix
C) Ubuntu
D) Access
Answer: D
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
14) From among the following, identify the open source DBMS product.
A) MySQL
B) DB2
C) Access
D) Oracle Database
Answer: A
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
15) Which of the following is a valid observation of MySQL?
A) It is offered by Oracle.
B) It is license-free for most applications.
C) It is a closed-source database product.
D) It is yet to be widely adopted.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 147
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
16) When you modify or delete data present in a database, you are ________.
A) creating a new database
B) forming a data model
C) simplifying the data structure
D) processing the database
Answer: D
Page Ref: 147-149
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
17) Which of the following is an international standard language for processing a database?
A) Paradox
B) DB2
C) SQL
D) MS Access
Answer: C
Page Ref: 149
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
18) Which of the following is a developmental task of database administration?
A) creating and staffing the DBA function
B) monitoring backup procedures
C) conducting training for users
D) managing configuration changes in systems
Answer: A
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
19) Identify the type of task that a database administrator is performing when validating the data model to be used in a database management system.
A) development
B) adaptation
C) recovery
D) operation
Answer: A
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
20) The database administrator of an organization constantly manages the processing rights and responsibilities of employees. This is an example of a(n) ________ task.
A) development
B) recovery
C) adaptation
D) operational
Answer: D
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
21) Which of the following database administration tasks is related to adaptation?
A) monitoring backup procedures
B) conducting training for users
C) monitoring database performance
D) managing configuration changes in systems
Answer: D
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
22) A ________ is a collection of forms, reports, queries, and programs that process a database.
A) database application
B) database design
C) data field
D) data model
Answer: A
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
23) ________ forms are used to read, insert, modify, and delete data.
A) Reporting
B) Data entry
C) Query
D) Request
Answer: B
Page Ref: 152
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
24) A ________ is a request for data from a database.
A) data entry
B) reporting
C) query
D) command
Answer: C
Page Ref: 153
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
25) Brenda, the sales manager of a firm, wants to generate a particular report containing sales analyses of the second and third quarter of the year. After accessing the DBMS, she should type the keyword into a ________ form to obtain the information that she wants.
A) report
B) reference
C) data entry
D) query
Answer: D
Page Ref: 153
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
26) Which of the following refers to the problem that exists in database applications when two users update the same data item, but only one of those changes is recorded?
A) lost-update problem
B) crow’s-foot paradigm
C) bullwhip effect
D) update query problem
Answer: A
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
27) A(n) ________ DBMS is designed to process large organizational and workgroup databases.
A) operational
B) process
C) personal
D) enterprise
Answer: D
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
28) An organization buys a proprietary database application to be used by a small workgroup of five people. This is an example of a(n) ________ DBMS.
A) enterprise
B) interenterprise
C) personal
D) open source
Answer: C
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
29) Which of the following is an example of an enterprise DBMS?
A) Access
B) SQL Server
C) Paradox
D) FoxPro
Answer: B
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
30) Which of the following types of DBMS products is designed for smaller and simpler database applications?
A) object-oriented DBMS
B) strategic DBMS
C) personal DBMS
D) enterprise DBMS
Answer: C
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
31) ________ is an example of a personal DBMS.
A) SQL Server
B) DB2
C) Oracle Database
D) Access
Answer: D
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
32) A ________ describes the data and relationships that will be stored in a database.
A) data aggregator
B) query model
C) data model
D) data application
Answer: C
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
33) An administrator should create a(n) ________ before developing a database design.
A) data aggregator
B) query model
C) data model
D) data application
Answer: C
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
34) A data model is a ________.
A) logical representation of database data
B) repository of unprocessed data
C) collection of isolated databases
D) set of programs to retrieve data
Answer: A
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
35) In a data model, a(n) ________ is something that a user wants to track.
A) record
B) byte
C) entity
D) primary key
Answer: C
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
36) Brad, a project manager, wants to build a database to integrate information about employees and tasks that they handle. Brad wants to track information such as task name, percentage completed, and employee name. These aspects that Brad wants to track are called ________.
A) identifiers
B) records
C) primary keys
D) entities
Answer: D
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
37) Entities in a data model have ________ that describe the characteristics of the entity.
A) characters
B) primary keys
C) codes
D) attributes
Answer: D
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
38) Each entity in a database has a unique attribute called a(n) ________.
A) public key
B) identifier
C) foreign key
D) index field
Answer: B
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
39) In an E-R diagram, a line between two entities represents a(n) ________.
A) attribute
B) identifier
C) cardinality
D) relationship
Answer: D
Page Ref: 157
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
40) A line on an E-R diagram that indicates a 1:N relationship between two entities is referred to as ________.
A) Kerberos
B) maximum cardinality
C) crow’s feet
D) minimum cardinality
Answer: C
Page Ref: 158
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
41) Which of the following is true of N:M relationships?
A) The number of entities on each side must be equal.
B) They are common examples of minimum cardinalities.
C) They are also called one-to-many relationships.
D) They can have more than one entity on each side of the relationship.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 158
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
42) A student management system allows students to have multiple majors and advisers are assigned to handle multiple students and courses. This is an example of a(n) ________ relationship.
A) 1:N
B) 1:1
C) N:M
D) M:1
Answer: C
Page Ref: 158
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
43) Minimum cardinalities in an E-R diagram refer to the minimum number of entities required in a(n) ________.
A) department
B) database
C) attribute
D) relationship
Answer: D
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
44) Constraints on the number of entities in a relationship are called ________ cardinalities.
A) specific
B) minimum
C) primary
D) critical
Answer: B
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
45) In an E-R diagram, a(n) ________ on a line means that at least one entity type of that type is required.
A) small oval
B) vertical bar
C) arrow
D) triangular block
Answer: B
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
46) Which of the following formations on a line in an E-R diagram means that the relationship need not have an entity of that type?
A) vertical bar
B) arrow
C) double line
D) small oval
Answer: D
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
47) ________ is the process of converting a data model into tables, relationships, and data constraints.
A) Database design
B) Database querying
C) Data mining
D) Database aggregation
Answer: A
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
48) A database design team transforms entities into tables and expresses relationships by defining ________.
A) cardinalities
B) attributes
C) foreign keys
D) departments
Answer: C
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
49) ________ is the process of converting a poorly- structured table into two or more well-structured tables.
A) Optimization
B) Normalization
C) Refactoring
D) Standardization
Answer: B
Page Ref: 159
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
50) In a database, when data items disagree with one another, this leads to a(n) ________.
A) data integrity problem
B) crow’s-foot paradigm
C) adaptation conflict
D) lost-update problem
Answer: A
Page Ref: 160
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
51) A data integrity problem will occur only if ________.
A) there are multiple administrators
B) data are duplicated
C) the database is very large
D) there are complex relationships
Answer: B
Page Ref: 160
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
52) Every table in a normalized database has a(n) ________.
A) duplicated data model
B) single theme
C) maximum cardinality
D) specialized query format
Answer: B
Page Ref: 160
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
53) Identify the first step in transforming a data model into a relational database design.
A) representing the data relationships
B) normalizing the data and files
C) creating foreign keys
D) creating a table for each entity
Answer: D
Page Ref: 161
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
54) When using the relational model to represent data, one must ________.
A) add a foreign key to one of the tables
B) have more than ten tables in the model
C) establish only N:M relationships between tables
D) use metadata instead of foreign keys
Answer: A
Page Ref: 161
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
55) Which of the following is true about the database development process?
A) The database structure cannot be changed during the data modeling stage.
B) Changing a relationship from 1:N to N:M is simply a matter of changing the notations.
C) User review of the data model is avoided as it is not helpful in data modeling.
D) A database is a model of how the developers view their business world.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 163
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 7
56) ________ are the final judges as to what data the database should contain and how the records in that database should be related to one another.
A) Administrators
B) Developers
C) Users
D) Designers
Answer: C
Page Ref: 164
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 7
57) Which of the following is a nonrelational data store developed by Facebook?
A) Cassandra
B) Dynamo
C) Bigtable
D) SharePoint
Answer: A
Page Ref: 165
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 8
58) Which of the following is a nonrelational data store developed by Google?
A) Cassandra
B) Dynamo
C) SharePoint
D) Bigtable
Answer: D
Page Ref: 165
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 8
59) Which of the following is a nonrelational data store developed by Amazon?
A) Cassandra
B) Dynamo
C) SharePoint
D) Bigtable
Answer: B
Page Ref: 165
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 8
5.3 Essay Questions
1) What is the purpose of a database?
Answer: The purpose of a database is to keep track of things. Lists of data involving a single theme can be stored in a spreadsheet; lists that involve data with multiple themes require a database. Thus, the purpose of a database is to keep track of things that involve more than one theme.
Page Ref: 142-143
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 1
2) Describe a database and its various elements.
Answer: A database is a self-describing collection of integrated records. A byte is a character of data. In databases, bytes are grouped into columns. Columns are also called fields. Columns or fields are grouped into rows, which are also called records. Finally, a group of similar rows or records is called a table or a file. A database is thus a collection of tables plus relationships among the rows in those tables, plus special data, called metadata, that describes the structure of the database.
Page Ref: 143-144
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
3) Define Primary Key, foreign key, and metadata.
Answer: A Primary Key is a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table. Columns that belong to a different table than the one in which they reside are called foreign keys. Metadata are data that describe data.
Page Ref: 144-146
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 2
4) Describe a DBMS and its functions. List some of the popular DBMS softwares.
Answer: A database management system (DBMS) is a program used to create, process, and administer a database. The first function of DBMS is that database developers use the DBMS to create tables, relationships, and other structures in the database. The second function of the DBMS is to process the database. Applications use the DBMS for four operations: to read, insert, modify, or delete data. A third DBMS function is to provide tools to assist in the administration of the database.
Popular DBMS products are DB2 from IBM, Access and SQL Server from Microsoft, and Oracle from Oracle Corporation. Another popular DBMS is MySQL, an open source DBMS product that is license-free for most applications.
Page Ref: 148-155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 3
5) What are application programs and what are their functions?
Answer: In a database, forms, reports, and queries work well for standard functions. However, most applications have unique requirements that a simple form, report, or query cannot meet. This is where application programs come in. Application programs process logic that is specific to a given business need. Another important use of application programs is to enable database processing over the Internet. For this use, the application program serves as an intermediary between the Web server and the database. The application program responds to events, such as when a user presses a submit button; it also reads, inserts, modifies, and deletes database data.
Page Ref: 153-154
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
6) Explain the different types of DBMS products.
Answer: DBMS products fall into two broad categories: enterprise DBMS and personal DBMS. Enterprise DBMS products process large organizational and workgroup databases. These products support many, possibly thousands, of users and many different database applications. Such DBMS products support 24/7 operations and can manage databases that span dozens of different magnetic disks with hundreds of gigabytes or more of data.
Personal DBMS products are designed for smaller, simpler database applications. Such products are used for personal or small workgroup applications that involve fewer than 100 users, and normally fewer than 15. In fact, the great bulk of databases in this category have only a single user.
Page Ref: 155
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 4
7) Describe the elements of a data model. Provide examples.
Answer: An entity is something that the users want to track. Entity names are always singular and they have attributes that describe characteristics of the entity. Entities have an identifier, which is an attribute (or group of attributes) whose value is associated with one, and only one, entity instance.
Page Ref: 156
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 5
8) How does normalization resolve the data integrity problem?
Answer: Database design is the process of converting a data model into tables, relationships, and data constraints. Normalization is the process of converting a poorly-structured table into two or more well-structured tables. If an attribute is entered correctly in one row and incorrectly in the next this leads to a problem called a data integrity problem.
The data integrity problem can occur only if data are duplicated. Because of this, one easy way to eliminate the problem is to eliminate the duplicated data. The general goal of normalization is to construct tables such that every table has a single topic or theme. Database practitioners classify tables into various normal forms according to the kinds of problems they have. Transforming a table into a normal form to remove duplicated data and other problems is called normalizing the table.
Page Ref: 159-161
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
9) What are the steps involved in transforming a data model into a relational database design?
Answer: First, the database designer creates a table for each entity. The identifier of the entity becomes the key of the table. Each attribute of the entity becomes a column of the table. Next, the resulting tables are normalized so that each table has a single theme. The next step is to represent relationships among the tables that are normalized. The next task is to represent the relationship. This includes adding foreign keys and additional tables for N:M relationships.
Page Ref: 161-162
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 6
10) Explain the role of users in the database development process.
Answer: A database is a model of how the users view their business world. This means that the users are the final judges as to what data the database should contain and how the records in that database should be related to one another. Thus, user review of the data model is crucial. When a database is developed for your use, you must carefully review the data model. If you do not understand any aspect of it, you should ask for clarification until you do. Entities must contain all of the data you and your employees need to do your jobs, and relationships must accurately reflect your view of the business. If the data model is wrong, the database will be designed incorrectly, and the applications will be difficult to use, if not worthless. Do not proceed unless the data model is accurate.
Page Ref: 164
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Moderate
Course LO: Discuss best practices for using and managing databases
Chapter LO: 7
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