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Endocrine System—Part 1 Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

     1.   A function of the thyroid gland; secretes:

a.
Immunologic substances
b.
Thymosin
c.
Corticosteroids
d.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
e.
Thyroxine

ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     2.   Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland:

a.
Hypophysis
b.
Hypothalamus
c.
Adenohypophysis
d.
Neurohypophysis
e.
Thalamus

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 757           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     3.   Which of the following secrete(s) cortisol?

a.
Testes
b.
Ovaries
c.
Adrenal medulla
d.
Adrenal cortex
e.
Pituitary gland

ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     4.   Hormone secreted by the pancreas:

a.
Estrogen
b.
Insulin
c.
Vasopressin
d.
Epinephrine
e.
Glucose

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     5.   Hormone that regulates calcium in the blood and bones:

a.
Parathyroid hormone
b.
Thyroxine
c.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
d.
Prolactin
e.
Prostaglandins

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     6.   Hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones:

a.
Growth hormone
b.
ADH
c.
ACTH
d.
Cortisone
e.
Secretin

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     7.   Example of an electrolyte:

a.
Insulin
b.
Sodium
c.
Renin
d.
Glucagon
e.
Steroid

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 755           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     8.   An element present in thyroxine:

a.
Iron
b.
Calcium
c.
Vitamin D
d.
Glucose
e.
Iodine

ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 752           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     9.   Hormone secreted by the ovary and adrenal cortex:

a.
Follicle-stimulating hormone
b.
Luteinizing hormone
c.
Androgen
d.
Estrogen
e.
Oxytocin

ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   10.   Which of the following is a description of gonadotropins?

a.
Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
b.
Stimulate the growth of long bones
c.
Stimulate glucose uptake in cells
d.
Secreted by the testes
e.
Stimulate the secretion of milk

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   11.   Deficiency of gonadotropins:

a.
Homeostasis
b.
Hypogonadism
c.
Galactorrhea
d.
Gynecomastia
e.
Hypernatremia

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   12.   Kal/i is a combining form for:

a.
Phosphorus
b.
Sodium
c.
Calcium
d.
Milk
e.
Potassium

ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   13.   Insulin deficiency or resistance leading to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis:

a.
Graves disease
b.
Diabetes mellitus
c.
Cushing syndrome
d.
Acromegaly
e.
Myxedema

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 772            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   14.   A group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex:

a.
Graves disease
b.
Diabetes mellitus
c.
Cushing syndrome
d.
Acromegaly
e.
Myxedema

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   15.   Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood:

a.
Graves disease
b.
Diabetes mellitus
c.
Cushing syndrome
d.
Acromegaly
e.
Myxedema

ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   16.   Post-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland:

a.
Graves disease
b.
Diabetes mellitus
c.
Cushing syndrome
d.
Acromegaly
e.
Myxedema

ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 775            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   17.   Thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland:

a.
Graves disease
b.
Diabetes mellitus
c.
Cushing syndrome
d.
Acromegaly
e.
Myxedema

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   18.   Enlargement of the thyroid gland:

a.
Hypergonadism
b.
Euthyroid
c.
Goiter
d.
Hypophyseal enlargement
e.
Tetany

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   19.   Exophthalmos is a sign of which of the following endocrine disorders?

a.
Endemic goiter
b.
Thyroid carcinoma
c.
Graves disease
d.
Nodular goiter
e.
Pituitary gland hypertrophy

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   20.   Which of the following is a feature of tetany?

a.
Constant muscle contraction
b.
Increased bone growth
c.
Hypercalcemia
d.
Hypokalemia
e.
Hypernatremia

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   21.   Natr/o is the combining form for:

a.
Sugar
b.
Milk
c.
Sodium
d.
Iodine
e.
Potassium

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   22.   Characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus:

a.
Gradual onset is typical; patient is asymptomatic.
b.
Ketoacidosis seldom occurs.
c.
Treatment is with diet and oral hypoglycemic agents.
d.
Little or no insulin is produced.
e.
Onset usually occurs after age 30.

ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 772            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   23.   Which of the following disorders is associated with neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy?

a.
Hyperthyroidism
b.
Deficient ADH secretion
c.
Diabetes mellitus (as secondary complications)
d.
Hypergonadism
e.
Panhypopituitarism

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 774            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   24.   Characteristic of acromegaly:

a.
Enlargement of extremities
b.
Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
c.
Tumor of the sella turcica
d.
Abnormal formation of cartilage in an adult
e.
Hyperfunctioning of pituitary gland

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 775            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   25.   A thyroid scan consists of:

a.
A CT image of the thyroid gland
b.
Radioimmunoassay of thyroxine in the bloodstream
c.
Ultrasound imaging of the neck
d.
Skull x-ray imaging of the brain
e.
Administration of radioactive compound and visualization with a scanner to detect tumors or nodules

ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 778           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

Select the term that is spelled correctly.

   26.   Condition of eyeballs that protrude outward:

a.
exopthalmos
b.
exophthmalmos
c.
exophthalmos

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 768           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   27.   Hormone secreted by the ovary:

a.
progesterone
b.
projesterone
c.
progesteron

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   28.   Constant muscle contraction:

a.
tetany
b.
teteny
c.
tettany

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 770           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   29.   State of equilibrium or constancy:

a.
homeiostasis
b.
homostasis
c.
homeostasis

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   30.   Part of the brain that controls the secretions of the pituitary gland:

a.
hypothalmus
b.
hypothalmis
c.
hypothalamus

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 757           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   31.   Excessive thirst:

a.
polydipsea
b.
pollydipsia
c.
polydipsia

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 765           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   32.   Enlargement of extremities due to hypersecretion of growth hormone:

a.
acromegaly
b.
accromegaly
c.
acromeagaly

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 775           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   33.   Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adulthood:

a.
mixadema
b.
myxedema
c.
myxademae

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 769           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   34.   Hormone secreted by the islet cells of Langerhans:

a.
insalin
b.
insulin
c.
insulen

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   35.   Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:

a.
thyroixine
b.
thiroxine
c.
thyroxine

ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 752           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

Spelling

   36.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
courtisol
b.
cortisol

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 792           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   37.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
goiter
b.
goyter

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 795           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   38.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
estrogen
b.
estrogin

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 792           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   39.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
pitiutary gland
b.
pituitary gland

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 792           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   40.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
gonadotrophan
b.
gonadotropin

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 793           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   41.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
uthyroid
b.
euthyroid

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 792           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   42.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
hypocalemia
b.
hypokalemia

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 793           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   43.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
hypophysectomy
b.
hypophisectomy

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 793           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   44.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
pancrease
b.
pancreas

ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 794           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

   45.   Select the term that is spelled correctly:

a.
corticosteroid
b.
cortikosteroid

ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 792           

OBJ:   Spell and pronounce terms related to the endocrine system.                

MATCHING

Match the following abnormal pathologic conditions with their descriptions.

a.
Addison disease
b.
adrenal virilism
c.
cretinism
d.
Cushing syndrome
e.
hyperparathyroidism
f.
hypoparathyroidism
g.
hyperthyroidism
h.
myxedema
i.
pheochromocytoma
j.
thyroid carcinoma

     1.   Cancer of the thyroid gland (papillary and follicular are types)

     2.   Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood

     3.   Deficient production of parathyroid hormone (tetany results)

     4.   Excessive secretion of adrenal gland androgens

     5.   Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex

     6.   Excessive production of parathormone

     7.   Extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood

     8.   Overactivity of the thyroid gland (thyrotoxicosis)

     9.   Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

   10.   Benign tumor of the adrenal medulla

     1.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     2.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     3.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     4.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     5.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 771            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     6.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     7.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     8.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

     9.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   10.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 771            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

Match the terms with their correct meanings.

a.
adenohypophysis
b.
adrenocorticotropin
c.
aldosterone
d.
calcitonin
e.
catecholamine
f.
electrolyte
g.
glucocorticoid
h.
glycemia
i.
glycosuria
j.
homeostasis
k.
hypokalemia
l.
hyponatremia
m.
hypothalamus
n.
oxytocin
o.
pancreatectomy
p.
parathyroidectomy
q.
polydipsia
r.
progesterone
s.
tetraiodothyronine
t.
vasopressin

   11.   Hormone secreted by the posterior part of the pituitary gland; increases reabsorption of water

   12.   Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt (sodium) reabsorption by the kidney

   13.   A mineral salt found in the blood and tissues; potassium is an example

   14.   Excessive thirst

   15.   Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; lowers blood calcium

   16.   Resection of a gland near and behind the stomach

   17.   Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor

   18.   Sugar present in the urine

   19.   Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland; thyroxine

   20.   Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

   21.   Blood condition of deficient sodium

   22.   Type of hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; necessary for the use of sugars, fats, and proteins

   23.   Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

   24.   Resection of four small glands in the neck region

   25.   Hormone secreted by the ovaries

   26.   Blood condition of deficient potassium

   27.   Region of the brain that produces factors to stimulate the pituitary gland

   28.   Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal cortex

   29.   Condition of sugar in the blood

   30.   Hormone derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla; epinephrine is an example

   11.   ANS:  T                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   12.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   13.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   14.   ANS:  Q                    REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   15.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   16.   ANS:  O                    REF:   p. 786 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   17.   ANS:  N                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   18.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 787 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   19.   ANS:  S                    REF:   p. 752           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   20.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   21.   ANS:  L                    REF:   p. 787 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   22.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   23.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   24.   ANS:  P                    REF:   p. 74 | p. 764                                 

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   25.   ANS:  R                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   26.   ANS:  K                    REF:   p. 765 | p. 767                                          

OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.                     

   27.   ANS:  M                   REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   28.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   29.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 79 | p. 765                                 

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   30.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match the terms with their correct meanings.

a.
acromegaly
b.
Addison disease
c.
cretinism
d.
Cushing syndrome
e.
diabetes insipidus
f.
diabetes mellitus
g.
exophthalmos
h.
glucose tolerance test
i.
goiter
j.
hirsutism
k.
ketoacidosis
l.
myxedema
m.
pheochromocytoma
n.
radioimmunoassay
o.
tetany
p.
thyroid carcinoma
q.
thyroid scan
r.
thyrotoxicosis

   31.   Test that measures hormone levels in plasma

   32.   Test that measures levels of sugar in the blood

   33.   Radioactive compound is given and localizes in the thyroid gland

   34.   Enlargement of extremities caused by excessive growth hormone after puberty

   35.   Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone produces this condition

   36.   Malignant tumor of an endocrine gland in the neck

   37.   Extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood produces this condition

   38.   Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood produces this condition

   39.   Enlargement and bulging of the eyeballs caused by hyperthyroidism

   40.   Excessive hair on the face and body in adult women

   41.   Group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

   42.   Enlargement of the thyroid gland

   43.   Overactivity of the thyroid gland (Graves disease)

   44.   Benign tumor of the adrenal medulla

   45.   Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin to promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

   46.   Constant muscle contraction

   47.   Fats are improperly burned, leading to accumulation of ketones in the body

   48.   Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex

   31.   ANS:  N                    REF:   p. 779           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   32.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 778           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   33.   ANS:  Q                    REF:   p. 778           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   34.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 775            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   35.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 777            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   36.   ANS:  P                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   37.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   38.   ANS:  L                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   39.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   40.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   41.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   42.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   43.   ANS:  R                    REF:   p. 768            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   44.   ANS:  M                   REF:   p. 771            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   45.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 772            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   46.   ANS:  O                    REF:   p. 770            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   47.   ANS:  K                    REF:   p. 773            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   48.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 771            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

Match the following hormones with their actions.

a.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
b.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
c.
aldosterone
d.
cortisol
e.
estradiol
f.
insulin
g.
epinephrine
h.
testosterone
i.
thyroxine
j.
parathyroid hormone

   49.   Sympathomimetic; elevates heart rate, blood pressure

   50.   Promotes growth and maintenance of male sex characteristics

   51.   Stimulates water reabsorption by kidney tubules; decreases urine

   52.   Increases metabolism in body cells

   53.   Raises blood calcium

   54.   Increases reabsorption of sodium by kidney tubules

   55.   Stimulates secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex

   56.   Increases blood sugar

   57.   Helps transport glucose to cells and decreases blood sugar

   58.   Develops and maintains female sex characteristics

   49.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 755           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   50.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   51.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 758           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   52.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   53.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   54.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   55.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   56.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   57.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   58.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 759           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match the meanings with their correct terms.

a.
starch; storage form of sugar
b.
a mineral salt found in the blood and in tissues
c.
hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
d.
hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla
e.
hormone secreted by the ovary
f.
disease condition due to malfunction of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
g.
extreme hypothyroidism in childhood
h.
disease condition due to malfunction of cells in pancreas
i.
hormone secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland
j.
hormone secreted by thyroid gland

   59.   Aldosterone

   60.   Diabetes insipidus

   61.   Diabetes mellitus

   62.   Progesterone

   63.   Glycogen

   64.   Cretinism

   65.   Epinephrine

   66.   Thyroxine

   67.   Electrolyte

   68.   Prolactin

   59.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   60.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 777            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   61.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 772            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   62.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   63.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 756           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   64.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 769            OBJ:   Recall pathology of the endocrine system.

   65.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   66.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   67.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   68.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match each abbreviation with its associated explanation.

a.
type 1 and type 2 are forms of this condition
b.
an electrolyte
c.
test assessing the function of an endocrine gland in the neck
d.
secretion of this hormone stimulates an endocrine gland above the kidney
e.
secretion of this hormone from the anterior pituitary gland stimulates an endocrine gland in the neck
f.
hormone secreted from the thyroid gland
g.
treatment for Graves disease to destroy an overactive thyroid gland
h.
posterior pituitary gland fails to release vasopressin
i.
somatotropin
j.
test to assess the sugar levels in the blood

   69.   TSH

   70.   RAI

   71.   Na+

   72.   GH

   73.   T4

   74.   GTT

   75.   ACTH

   76.   TFT

   77.   DM

   78.   DI

   69.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 758           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   70.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 768           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   71.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 779           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   72.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   73.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   74.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 779           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   75.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   76.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 779           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   77.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 772           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

   78.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 777           

OBJ:   Recall lab tests, procedures, and abbreviations related to the endocrine system.

Match the following glands with their correct descriptions.

a.
adrenal cortex
b.
adrenal medulla
c.
ovaries
d.
pancreas
e.
parathyroid glands
f.
pituitary gland
g.
testes
h.
thyroid gland

   79.   Two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male

   80.   Located behind the stomach; alpha and beta islet cells secrete hormones

   81.   Located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine

   82.   Inner section of a gland above each kidney; secretes epinephrine

   83.   Located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; hypophysis

   84.   Outer section of a gland above each kidney: secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

   85.   Located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg cell production and estrogen secretion

   86.   Four small glands on the posterior side of the thyroid gland

   79.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   80.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   81.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   82.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   83.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   84.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   85.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   86.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match the following hormones with their correct descriptions.

a.
epinephrine (adrenaline)
b.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
c.
aldosterone
d.
androgen
e.
antidiuretic hormone
f.
calcitonin
g.
cortisol
h.
estradiol
i.
follicle-stimulating hormone
j.
glucagon

   87.   Male hormone secreted by the testes

   88.   Female hormone secreted by the ovaries

   89.   Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; vasopressin

   90.   Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

   91.   Secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels

   92.   Secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption

   93.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries

   94.   Secreted by the pancreas; increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen to glucose

   95.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates secretions of the adrenal cortex

   96.   Secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar

   87.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   88.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   89.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   90.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   91.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   92.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   93.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   94.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   95.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   96.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match the following hormones with their correct descriptions.

a.
growth hormone (somatotropin)
b.
insulin
c.
luteinizing hormone
d.
oxytocin
e.
parathormone
f.
progesterone
g.
testosterone
h.
thyroid-stimulating hormone
i.
thyroxine
j.
prolactin

   97.   Secreted by the ovaries; prepares the uterus for pregnancy

   98.   Secreted by beta islet cells of the pancreas; lowers blood sugar

   99.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion

100.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates secretion by the thyroid gland

101.   Male hormone secreted by the testes

102.   Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth

103.   Secreted by the thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells; T4

104.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates ovulation

105.   Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues

106.   Secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium

   97.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   98.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   99.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

100.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

101.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

102.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

103.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

104.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

105.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

106.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 762           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Match the terms with their correct meanings.

a.
catecholamines
b.
corticosteroids
c.
electrolyte
d.
glucocorticoid
e.
homeostasis
f.
hypothalamus
g.
mineralocorticoid
h.
sympathomimetic
i.
sella turcica
j.
target tissue

107.   Region of the brain lying below the thalamus; secretes factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland

108.   Cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

109.   Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

110.   Mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system; epinephrine (adrenaline) is an example

111.   Mineral salt found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium is an example

112.   Hormones derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla

113.   Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones

114.   Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates mineral salts and water balance

115.   Steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones are examples

116.   Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

107.   ANS:  F                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

108.   ANS:  I                     REF:   p. 761           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

109.   ANS:  E                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

110.   ANS:  H                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

111.   ANS:  C                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

112.   ANS:  A                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

113.   ANS:  J                     REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

114.   ANS:  G                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

115.   ANS:  B                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

116.   ANS:  D                    REF:   p. 763           

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

OTHER

Name the endocrine organs that produce the following hormones.

     1.   Insulin: __________

ANS: 

pancreas

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     2.   Cortisol: __________

ANS: 

adrenal cortex

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     3.   Epinephrine: __________

ANS: 

adrenal medulla

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     4.   Follicle-stimulating hormone: __________

ANS: 

anterior pituitary

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     5.   Thyroxine: __________

ANS: 

thyroid gland

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     6.   Aldosterone: __________

ANS: 

adrenal cortex

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     7.   Vasopressin: __________

ANS: 

posterior pituitary gland

REF:   p. 760            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     8.   Estradiol: __________

ANS: 

ovary

adrenal cortex

REF:   p. 760 | p. 762                                          

OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

     9.   Growth hormone: __________

ANS: 

anterior pituitary gland

REF:   p. 766            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

   10.   Progesterone: __________

ANS: 

ovary

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Learn anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system.

Build medical terms from their definitions and word parts.

   11.   Abnormal condition (hypersecretion) of the thyroid gland: thyro__________

ANS: 

toxicosis

REF:   p. 766           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   12.   Removal of the pancreas: __________ectomy

ANS: 

pancreat

REF:   p. 764           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   13.   Condition of deficiency or underdevelopment of sex organs: hypo__________

ANS: 

gonadism

REF:   p. 764           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   14.   Pertaining to producing female characteristics: __________genic

ANS: 

estro

REF:   p. 765           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   15.   Removal of the pituitary gland: __________ectomy

ANS: 

hypophys

REF:   p. 786 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   16.   Deficiency of calcium in the blood: hypo__________

ANS: 

calcemia

REF:   p. 787 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   17.   Excessive sugar in the blood: __________emia

ANS: 

hyperglyc

REF:   p. 786 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

Complete the following terms from their definitions below.

   18.   Excessive amount of calcium in the blood: hyper__________

ANS: 

calcemia

REF:   p. 787 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   19.   Deficient amount of potassium in the blood: hypo__________

ANS: 

kalemia

REF:   p. 765           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   20.   Deficient sodium in the blood: hypo__________

ANS: 

natremia

REF:   p. 765           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   21.   Removal of the pancreas: __________ectomy

ANS: 

pancreat

REF:   p. 786 | p. 790                                          

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   22.   Surgical removal of the adrenal gland: adrenal__________

ANS: 

ectomy

REF:   p. 79 | p. 764                                 

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   23.   Excessive thirst: poly__________

ANS: 

dipsia

REF:   p. 765           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   24.   Normal thyroid function: __________thyroid

ANS: 

eu

REF:   p. 767           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

   25.   Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland: tri__________

ANS: 

iodothyronine

REF:   p. 760           

OBJ:   Use medical terms related to the endocrine system in medical reports and records.

Give meanings for the following combining forms.

   26.   aden/o: __________

ANS: 

gland

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   27.   adrenal/o: __________

ANS: 

adrenal gland

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   28.   andr/o: __________

ANS: 

male

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   29.   calc/o: __________

ANS: 

calcium

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   30.   cortic/o: __________

ANS: 

cortex

outer area

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   31.   dips/o: __________

ANS: 

thirst

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   32.   estr/o: __________

ANS: 

female

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   33.   gluc/o: __________

ANS: 

sugar

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   34.   glyc/o: __________

ANS: 

sugar

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   35.   gonad/o: __________

ANS: 

sex glands

gonads

organs that produce sex cells or gametes

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   36.   kal/i: __________

ANS: 

potassium

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   37.   lact/o: __________

ANS: 

milk

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   38.   myx/o: __________

ANS: 

mucus

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   39.   natr/o: __________

ANS: 

sodium

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   40.   pancreat/o: __________

ANS: 

pancreas

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   41.   somat/o: __________

ANS: 

body

REF:   p. 766            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   42.   thyr/o: __________

ANS: 

thyroid gland

REF:   p. 764            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   43.   toxic/o: __________

ANS: 

poison

REF:   p. 766            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   44.   home/o: __________

ANS: 

sameness

REF:   p. 765            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   45.   ur/o: __________

ANS: 

urine

REF:   p. 766            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

Give meanings for the following suffixes and prefixes.

   46.   -agon: __________

ANS: 

assemble

gather together

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   47.   -emia: __________

ANS: 

blood condition

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   48.   -tropin: __________

ANS: 

stimulating the function of

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   49.   -uria: __________

ANS: 

urine condition

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   50.   hyper-: __________

ANS: 

excessive

above

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   51.   hypo-: __________

ANS: 

deficient

below

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   52.   pan-: __________

ANS: 

all

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   53.   tetra-: __________

ANS: 

four

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   54.   poly-: __________

ANS: 

many

much

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   55.   tri-: __________

ANS: 

three

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

   56.   eu-: __________

ANS: 

good

normal

REF:   p. 767            OBJ:   Use word parts to build and define endocrine system terms.

What do you think?

Written by Homework Lance

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: Sense Organs: The Eye and the Ear—Part 2 Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition

Endocrine System—Part 2 Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition