Social Ecological Model Obesity Table
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Description
Social Ecological Model: Obesity Table
Directions: Complete The Table Below Addressing The Issue Of Obesity At Each Level.
Level 1: Individual Level 2: Interpersonal Level 3:Organizational Level 4: Community Level 5: Public Policy
Influencing Factors or Characteristics The factors influencing at the individual level are food intake, being active physical activities, also involve in inactive behavior. These factors results in lack of important attitude, beliefs, knowledge, along with skills.
These factors include families, friends, and peers. The characteristics are accessibility of food at home, routines of meal, overeating and diet, and rules associated to the use of TV.
Sources from where eating of junk food occurs at a large scale are schools, social gatherings and local sporting institute. (Davison, Jurkowski, & Lawson, 2013).
Community influence comes from restaurants, physical opportunities, and supermarkets. These are the sources that in turn encourage or discourage intake of healthy food and physical activity.
Public policy factors include FDA labels, healthy food available in school with healthy snacks and fruits. They are domains that distribute information about regulation or effectiveness of eating practices as well as habits of exercise for local, state, or federal government.
Prevention Strategies for:
Children The most important preventive set in place for obesity include involvement in ingesting of healthy diet, involvement in physical activities, increase the intake of water, and avoid consumption of snacks, sodas, and sweetened-flavored beverages. At interpersonal level for prevention of obesity, provision of adequate support as well as reinforcement among the members including responsibility of parents to involve their obese child in healthy activities of life, reducing TV daily duration and intake of unhealthy food.
Schools can significanly participate in child involvement in physical activity with the provision of comprehensive school based physical activities. Community should hold activities educational programs or seminars where children get involve in more diverse physical activities. More outdoor activities involve playing, running, and walking in the community is another good involvement. The public policy should rules should focus on the prohibiting concerns related to children and advertisement of fast food on TV, sugar-sweetened beverages, fatten foods, and school programs for the enhancement of physical activity.
Adolescents For appropriate prevention among adolescent, the focused strategies are the assessment of eating patterns, eating foods that is contained with excessive level of calories, and the urge to eat food without the hunger (Lampard
Jurkowski, Lawson, & Davison, 2013).
The preventive strategies for interpersonal prevention include enrolling the obesed adolescents in dance classes alongside a family-based intervention and reduction in TV viewing. In this regard, the school is responsible to implement activities that will reduce inactivity and this can be done by increasing the physical exercise and other active activities and intake of healthful food. At this level, active assessment for the adolescents will involve community service, group outdoor and inddor basket ball and football games. This will keep them physically active. Encourage drinking of the recommended water consumption daily. Education and counseling should be provided to the adolescent along with the discussions that focuses on the specific role transition teens along with the inclusion of flexible parent component.
Adults These are inclusive with intake of high caloric food, sweetened drinks, psychological and emotional factors, avoiding physical activities, and other clinical condition (Dev, McBride, Fiese, Jones, & Cho, 2013). These individuals should be provided with strength through the presence of social networks to see the benefit of their workout as well as support systems to assist them feel confident and supported for adopting healthy lifestyle choices. The workplaces should be provided with healthy snacks in vending machines (Dev, McBride, Fiese, Jones, & Cho, 2013). Students can also provide a discounted gym for all employees that will help everyone to involve in exercising either during break or closing hours. At the community level, such individuals are provided with advocacy, along with the identification and communication of promising practices of healthy lifestyle and community gym will also be an effective resources that will achieve this goal.
For the dissemination of adequate awareness among individuals, partnerships as well as collaborations should be between community and the local governing bodies to provide benefits to the entire community.
Elderly The prevention is provided by carrying identification of specific behaviors and habits of eating. These individuals should be involved in physical exercise of moderate nature as the elderly have other health issues hard exercise can aggravated. Moreover, diet should be maintained along side. Such individuals should be provided with fresh fruits, involvement in the planning of menu and cooking (Han, Tajar, & Lean, 2011). In addition to this, family time should be shared at the time of meals and also avoid excessive TV. Have other elderly individuals play games like cards, bingo and all together. At the organization level, involvement of pastor plays an essential role (Han, Tajar, & Lean, 2011). Utilization of bulletins and newsletters will be of great benefits in the delivery of health messages. They can also volunteer in their community hospitals, community centers, and NGOs. A community wide event should be organized so that the elderly can learn various aspects associated with the healthy eating. In this regard, recruitment of volunteer for counseling should be carried out. Having volunteers counsel them in the community in involving in mild exercises daily my taking a walk every morning. Policies for the arrangement of healthy food at events should be implemented. Furthermore, a planning team and appointing coordinator should be developed.
References
Davison, K. K., Jurkowski, J. M., & Lawson, H. A. (2013). Reframing family-centred obesity prevention using the Family Ecological Model. Public health nutrition, 16(10), 1861-1869. doi:10.1017/S1368980012004533
Dev, D. A., McBride, B. A., Fiese, B. H., Jones, B. L., & Cho. (2013). Risk Factors for Overweight/Obesity in Preschool Children: An Ecological Approach. Childhood Obesity, 9(5), 399-408. doi:10.1089/chi.2012.0150.
Han, T. S., Tajar, A., & Lean, M. E. J. (2011). Obesity and weight management in the elderly. British medical bulletin, 97(1), 169-196, doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr002
Lampard, A. M., Jurkowski, J. M., Lawson, H. A., & Davison, K. K. (2013). Family Ecological Predictors of Physical Activity Parenting in Low-Income Families. Behavioral Medicine, 39(4), 97-103. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2013.802215