in

OPEC cartel to control the price of oil

Choose the letter of the best answer.

1.

What enabled the OPEC cartel to control the price of oil in 1973?

A)
America’s support for Israel in the Yom Kippur War

B)
The death of Anwar Sadat, who had opposed the cartel

C)
The Iranian revolution

D)
Coordination with Britain, where oil had been discovered in the North Sea

2.

How did the oil embargo affect America’s standing in the world?

A)
The embargo increased respect for America as American pressure finally broke the embargo, benefitting other Western economies.

B)
The embargo led other producers of raw materials to challenge American influence over the global economy.

C)
The embargo ended the importance of the U.S. dollar as a global currency.

D)
The embargo led to a widespread perception of declining American influence.

3.

How did Brazil’s military leaders react to the embargo of 1973?

A)
Brazil remained a staunch American ally.

B)
Brazil resisted American pressure to continue supporting Israel.

C)
Brazil moved closer to the Soviet Union.

D)
Brazil switched to nuclear power as much as possible.

4.

How did Europeans respond to the oil shocks of the 1970s?

A)
Increasing political radicalism

B)
Switching to a large degree to coal and natural gas

C)
Increasing bicycle and mass transit use

D)
Supporting an American invasion of Iraq

5.

How did petrodollars change the world economy from the 1970s?

A)
They enriched developing countries.

B)
They ensured that the industrialized West did not suffer inflation.

C)
The ended the economic hegemony of the United States and western Europe.

D)
They increased the availability of loans for developing states.

6.

How did the neoliberalism of the 1980s change the world economy?

A)
Neoliberalism contributed to a shift in economic power to the developing world.

B)
Neoliberalism increased the influence of free-market political ideals in the global economy.

C)
Neoliberalism encouraged more developing countries to align themselves with the Soviet Union.

D)
Neoliberalism undermined the “Washington Consensus.”

7.

What characterized the global economy in the 1970s and 1980s?

A)
Deflation and recession

B)
Hyperinflation

C)
Stagflation and boom/bust cycles

D)
A credit crunch

8.

What contributed to the discrediting of the PRI in Mexico after 1968?

A)
Corruption and failed neoliberal policies

B)
Close association with discredited Marxist ideas

C)
War with Central American states

D)
A failed attempt to establish a free trade agreement (NAFTA)

9.

How did newfound oil wealth affect the development of Nigeria from the 1960s?

A)
Nigeria experienced steady economic development with a weak political system.

B)
The military became less influential over Nigerian politics.

C)
Religious differences became less central to political divisions.

D)
Political and cultural unity remained elusive as the economy endured boom and bust cycles.

10.

What happened when Nigerian dictator General Sani Abacha died suddenly in 1998?

A)
Another military dictatorship quickly emerged.

B)
Nigerians established a new constitution and shifted to civilian rule.

C)
Nigeria dissolved as a nation-state.

D)
The country’s Muslim minority was disenfranchised.

11.

What country was the recognized leader of the Arab world in the 1970s?

A)
Syria

B)
Iraq

C)
Egypt

D)
Libya

12.

What goal of Hezbollah contributed to Middle East violence after the Camp David Accords of 1979?

A)
Their determination to attack the United States

B)
Their support of Soviet involvement in Afghanistan

C)
Their rejection of any notion of Palestinian statehood

D)
Their determination to destroy the state of Israel

13.

What did Yasir Arafat agree to do in 1993?

A)
Attack Israel

B)
Renounce the use of violence

C)
Ally with China

D)
Surrender to Israel

14.

What was the intifada of the 1980s?

A)
An Egyptian revolution

B)
An Israeli political party

C)
An Iranian uprising

D)
A civil disobedience campaign

15.

What was a consequence of the Yom Kippur War in 1973?

A)
Israel was briefly conquered.

B)
Chemical weapons were used.

C)
The United States became more involved in peacemaking efforts.

D)
Arab states were seriously weakened.

16.

The 1995 assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin

A)
illustrated the divisions within Israeli society over the issue of peace with the Palestinians.

B)
was carried out by the Palestine Liberation Organization.

C)
underscored the extent of opposition Palestinians had toward Israel.

D)
led to the forced expulsion of the remaining Arabs in Palestine.

17.

Hamas won a majority of seats in the Palestinian legislature, which led to

A)
immediate reopening of peace talks with Israel.

B)
Israel building a wall around the West Bank.

C)
the assassination of Yasir Arafat.

D)
Israel suspending aid to the Palestinian Authority.

18.

U.S. President Jimmy Carter brokered a historic peace treaty between what two Middle East political entities at the 1979 Camp David Accords?

A)
The Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel

B)
Syria and the Palestine Liberation Organization

C)
Egypt and Israel

D)
Jordan and the Palestine Liberation Organization

19.

What led many Arab leaders to denounce Egypt in 1977?

A)
Nasser lost the Six-Day War.

B)
Egypt signed a peace settlement with Israel.

C)
Sadat was assassinated.

D)
Mubarak was accused of embezzling Arab League funds.

20.

Where did populist uprisings that occurred in North Africa and the Middle East begin in 2010–2011?

A)
Syria

B)
Libya

C)
Israel

D)
Tunisia

21.

What contributed to the outbreak of war between Iran and Iraq in 1980?

A)
Missionary activity by Iranian Christians

B)
A Hezbollah takeover in Iraq

C)
Israeli support for the Iranian regime

D)
Shi’ite and Sunni tensions

22.

What characterized American policy toward Latin America in the decades following the Cuban Revolution in 1959?

A)
The United States supported dictators with military aid in an effort to prevent the spread of communism.

B)
The United States focused on encouraging rapid development in hopes of isolating Cuba.

C)
The United States adopted a “new Marshall Plan” for Latin American nations.

D)
The United States endorsed the spread of some aspects of the new Cuban system.

23.

Who deposed Guatemalan reformist president Jacobo Arbenz in 1954?

A)
The KGB

B)
The CIA

C)
The Guatemalan senate

D)
A Honduran invasion

24.

What characterized the Chilean Junta of Augusto Pinochet established in 1973?

A)
Sympathy for Communist ideas

B)
A close working alliance with Salvador Allende

C)
Hostility to American activity in the region

D)
Radical neoliberal economic reforms

25.

Why was Brazil especially vulnerable to the “oil shock” of 1979?

A)
It imported a particularly significant amount of oil.

B)
It had a democratic form of government.

C)
It had the largest foreign debt in the developing world.

D)
It paid especially high wages, contributing to inflation.

26.

What role did the ANC and SWAPO play in the political development of South Africa in the 1970s?

A)
They led the military fight against the government of South Africa.

B)
They worked to suppress black militants.

C)
They assassinated F. W. de Klerck in 1989.

D)
They refused to accept seats in the South African parliament.

27.

What led to Rhodesia’s declaration of independence in 1965?

A)
The unwillingness of blacks to share power

B)
The political ideas of Nelson Mandela

C)
Portuguese colonial policies

D)
White supremacist attitudes

28.

Who took control of the South African government in the 1970s?

A)
A council of ANC and SWAPO members who dismantled the “total strategy” policy

B)
Nelson Mandela, who was elected president, and vice president Frederik W. de Klerk

C)
The “securocrats,” a group of military and intelligence officers who enforced apartheid

D)
Officials from neighboring countries who implemented policies to protect black citizens

29.

How was apartheid ended in South Africa?

A)
Through a successful military campaign against the government

B)
Through dialogue forced by international pressure

C)
Through the death of F. W. de Klerck

D)
Through the personal intervention of Jimmy Carter

30.

What was the objective of the Chinese Cultural Revolution?

A)
To mobilize the masses and create greater social equality

B)
To foster economic modernization by concentrating on heavy industry

C)
To foment a worldwide Communist revolution

D)
To overthrow Mao and the Red Guards

31.

How did Chinese-American relations change after 1969?

A)
They improved in limited but lasting ways.

B)
They were transformed for the better.

C)
War broke out between the two countries over Korea.

D)
They soured as China grew closer to the Soviet Union.

32.

Who was the leader of the moderates who came to power after Mao Zedong’s death in 1976?

A)
Zhao Ziyang

B)
Sun Yatsen

C)
Hu Shi

D)
Deng Xiaoping

33.

What was an important component of Deng Xiaoping’s agricultural policies?

A)
Accelerating the pace of collectivization

B)
Allowing peasants to farm in small family units

C)
Importing massive amounts of Western technology

D)
Focusing his efforts on cash crops to enrich the overall economy

34.

Who led the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

A)
Soldiers

B)
Students

C)
Industrial workers

D)
Women

35.

In the aftermath of the Tiananmen Square massacre, Deng and his government

A)
ended the program of economic liberalization.

B)
initiated a series of political reforms.

C)
collapsed and were replaced by new leadership.

D)
reaffirmed economic liberalization but suppressed calls for political liberalization.

36.

Which of the following describes China’s economic situation in the 1990s?

A)
China’s policies coupled economic freedom with political repression.

B)
Economic policies rejected consumerism and returned to pure Marxist ideology.

C)
China returned to an agrarian lifestyle and demolished industry.

D)
China followed Russia’s lead and encouraged open debate about government policies.

37.

What did China refuse to allow the dissident Liu Xiaobo to do in 2010?

A)
Emigrate to the United States

B)
Travel to accept the Noble Peace Prize

C)
Become the new Dalai Lama

D)
Publish a novel that criticized communism

38.

Collectively, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea were known as what?

A)
The Asian Alliance

B)
Southeast Asia for Peace

C)
The “Asian Tigers”

D)
The Asian Economic Union

39.

What was an important step in economic recovery after World War II for both South Korea and Taiwan?

A)
Rapid industrialization

B)
Creating national labor unions

C)
Nationalizing utilities

D)
Radical land reform

40.

Which of the following became a Special Administrative Region in China?

A)
Hong Kong

B)
Tibet

C)
Mongolia

D)
Taiwan

41.

What characterized the development of capitalism in postwar Japan?

A)
Cheap immigrant labor

B)
Free-trade arrangements and partnerships with China

C)
Dependency on American approaches to structuring state-industry relations

D)
Managed and protected

42.

What happened to Benazir Bhutto in 2007 in Pakistan?

A)
She killed Osama bin Laden.

B)
She resigned as prime minister.

C)
She beat Perez Musharraf in an election.

D)
She was assassinated.

43.

How did the BJP change Indian politics in 1998?

A)
They came to power, strengthening Hindu nationalism.

B)
They provoked a war with Pakistan.

C)
They urged India to strengthen Commonwealth ties.

D)
They demanded an end to Indian democracy.

44.

What characterized the long rule of Indira Gandhi in India?

A)
She worked to unite Hindus and Muslims.

B)
She was a determined democrat.

C)
She alternately supported and then sought to undermine democratic rule.

D)
She opposed nearly all exercises of state power.

45.

What did the government of Pakistan announce in 1998?

A)
They had captured Osama bin Laden.

B)
They had developed nuclear weapons.

C)
They were planning to invade Afghanistan.

D)
They were no longer a secular state.

46.

Why did Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf go into exile in 2008?

A)
He feared assassination.

B)
He had been defeated in the polls and was certain he was going to be impeached.

C)
He knew he would be forced to make reforms that he did not want.

D)
He was forced out by a popular uprising.

47.

What was Jimmy Carter’s reaction to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

A)
He called for understanding and détente.

B)
He urged the government in Afghanistan to cooperate with the Soviets.

C)
He mobilized the American military.

D)
He was alarmed and détente stalled.

48.

Who argued in the 1980s that the Soviet Union was an “evil empire”?

A)
George H. W. Bush

B)
Jimmy Carter

C)
Ronald Reagan

D)
Margaret Thatcher

49.

What did the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 change about the European Community?

A)
It established a single currency, the euro.

B)
It made the European Community an active military alliance.

C)
It committed the European Community to admitting Russia.

D)
It promised a complete political union of all European states.

50.

What was similar about the approach to dictatorship taken by South Korea’s Park Chung Hee and Brazil’s Ernesto Geisel?

A)
Both men resigned to allow democratic elections.

B)
Both men went to war as a means of building support.

C)
Both men pursued aggressive industrialization.

D)
Both men rejected alliances with the United States.

Answer Key

1.

A

2.

D

3.

B

4.

C

5.

D

6.

B

7.

C

8.

A

9.

D

10.

B

11.

C

12.

D

13.

B

14.

D

15.

C

16.

A

17.

D

18.

C

19.

B

20.

D

21.

D

22.

A

23.

B

24.

D

25.

C

26.

A

27.

D

28.

C

29.

B

30.

A

31.

A

32.

D

33.

B

34.

B

35.

D

36.

A

37.

B

38.

C

39.

D

40.

A

41.

D

42.

D

43.

A

44.

C

45.

B

46.

B

47.

D

48.

C

49.

A

50.

C

What do you think?

Written by Homework Lance

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

GIPHY App Key not set. Please check settings

OPEC as a global economic force

The progressive relaxation of Cold War