What pain management approach is most effective for a child who is having a bone marrow test?

What pain management approach is most effective for a child who is having a bone marrow test?

a.
Relaxation techniques
b.
Administration of an opioid
c.
EMLA cream applied over site
d.
Conscious or unconscious sedation

ANS: D

Children need explanations before each procedure that is being done to them. Effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures should be used to minimize pain associated with procedures. For bone marrow aspiration, conscious or unconscious sedation should be used. Relaxation, opioids, and EMLA can be used to augment the sedation.