Conception Through Young Adult

A nurse is teaching a 2-week pregnant woman what is occurring in the development of her baby. Which of the following occur in this preembryonic stage? Select all that apply.
A)
The zygote implants in the uterine wall.
B)
Rapid growth and differentiation of the cell layers occurs.
C)
All basic organs are established.
D)
Some human features are recognizable.
E)
Three distinct layers of cells exist.
F)
The heartbeat can be heard by doppler.

A pregnant woman is at the end of her first trimester. The nurse tells her that normally the following developments have occurred in her fetus. Select all that apply.
A)
some reflexes are present
B)
kidney secretion begins
C)
the sex of the infant is distinguishable
D)
sleepwake patterns are established
E)
lung surfactant is produced
F)
eyelids open

A nurse is teaching a young woman about healthy behaviors during the embryonic stage of pregnancy. Which of the following should the nurse emphasize to prevent congenital anomalies?
A)
adequate intake of food and fluids
B)
importance of rest and sleep
C)
avoidance of alcohol and nicotine
D)
progression of stages during delivery

A nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about nutritional needs. Which of the following nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy might result in neural tube defects in the developing fetus?
A)
vitamin D
B)
iodine
C)
calcium
D)
folic acid

At birth, the neonate must adapt to extrauterine life through several significant physiologic adjustments. Which of the following is the most important adjustment that occurs?
A)
body temperature responds to the environment
B)
reflexes develop
C)
stool and urine are eliminated
D)
breathing begins

A nurse documents the following data upon assessment of a neonate: heart rate 89 BPM, slow respiratory effort, flaccid muscle tone, weak cry, and pale skin tone. What would be the Apgar score for this neonate?
A)
2
B)
3
C)
4
D)
5

A mother watches as a neonate cries, spreads his arms, and draws them in again in response to being pulled up and laid back down. She asks the nurse what is going on with her baby. What is the best explanation for this response?
A)
Your baby is experiencing gas, and this movement helps to expel it.
B)
Your baby is demonstrating a normal CNS response called the Moro reflex.
C)
Your baby is experiencing the signs and symptoms of an abnormal neural response to being startled.
D)
Your baby’s actions are normal automatic movements to help maintain core body temperature.

Of the following components of psychosocial development in the neonate and infant, which one facilitates emotional linkage between a baby and caregiver?
A)
bonding
B)
attachment
C)
play
D)
temperament

A nurse is teaching a group of parents about the dangers of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The nurse recommends that parents place their children on a firm surface laying on their:
A)
left side
B)
right side
C)
abdomen
D)
back

10.

A nurse is observing a group of toddlers at play. What behavior illustrates normal physiologic development in children of this age?
A)
attempting to feed self
B)
using fingers to pick up small objects
C)
throwing and catching a ball
D)
understanding the feelings of others

11.

A nurse watches as a child continuously tells her mother no! to each comment the mother makes. The nurse knows that this behavior termed negativism is characteristic of which of the following developmental groups?
A)
toddler
B)
preschooler
C)
school-aged child
D)
adolescent

12.

A preschooler is in Kohlberg’s preconventional phase of moral reasoning. What is the focus of the phase?
A)
to learn sex differences and modesty
B)
a sexual desire for the opposite sex
C)
obeying rules to avoid punishment
D)
literal concept of God as a male human

13.

Which of the following sets of terms best characterizes the school-aged child?
A)
reflexes, alert state, temperament
B)
negativism, regression, anal stage
C)
preoperational, asking why, fears
D)
doing, succeeding, accomplishing

14.

What social group prepares the school-aged child to get along in the larger world and teaches appropriate sex role behavior?
A)
parents
B)
peers
C)
siblings
D)
grandparents

15.

A student nurse reading a patient’s chart notes that the physician has documented an adolescent as prepubescent. What does the term prepubescent mean?
A)
adult secondary sex characteristics are present
B)
ova and sperm are produced by the reproductive organs
C)
reproductive organs do not yet produce ova and sperm
D)
active sexual behavior has been initiated

16.

A 20-year-old college student is preparing for a career as a teacher. What need initially influences the decision to establish a career?
A)
overcoming low self-esteem
B)
becoming independent of one’s family
C)
establishing one’s own moral philosophy
D)
demonstrating industry and spirituality

17.

A nurse is teaching a young couple about the normal changes during pregnancy. What should be included in the teaching sessions about the expectant father’s role?
A)
Nothing, the mother’s preparation is more important.
B)
In a traditional family, the mother is responsible for childcare.
C)
The importance of feeling pride as a future parent.
D)
The provision of support in meeting maternal needs.

18.

What is the primary risk to the developing fetus of cocaine use during pregnancy?
A)
decreased fetal circulation and oxygenation
B)
increased maternal weight gain and edema
C)
neural tube defects and low birth weight
D)
respiratory difficulties and excess mucus

19.

A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant about possible health problems during infancy. Which of the following health problems during infancy is most serious?
A)
colic
B)
seborrheic dermatitis
C)
failure to thrive
D)
SIDS

20.

A nurse is explaining ADHD to a community parents’ group. What characteristics of this disorder are exhibited by an affected child?
A)
daydreams, math difficulties, speech problems
B)
inattention, impulsiveness, hyperactivity
C)
enuresis, shyness, scoliosis
D)
separation anxiety, reading difficulties, boredom

21.

An adolescent patient tells the nurse, I just don’t want to live anymore. What should the nurse do next?
A)
Document the adolescent’s statement in the patient record.
B)
Sit down and discuss all the reasons there are for living.
C)
Make an immediate referral to a suicide-prevention professional.
D)
Laughingly, teach the adolescent about making scary statements.

22.

A mother of three children under the age of 4 tells the nurse, I don’t understand why my children are so hard to toilet train before they are 2. How should the nurse respond?
A)
Bladder control during the day usually occurs by ages 2.5 to 3 years.
B)
Do you think you are doing something wrong? They should be trained.
C)
I don’t know. I will have to talk to your doctor, and I will let you know.
D)
I had that same problem. You just have to try harder.

23.

A nurse is teaching a group of expectant parents about infant safety. Which of the following is mandated by the law to promote infant safety?
A)
lowering temperatures on hot water heaters
B)
covering electrical outlets with safety prongs
C)
removing all cords from mini-blinds and drapes
D)
using special car safety seats and restraints

24.

A student nurse is assigned to care for a preschool child who is scheduled for surgery. How can the student decrease the child’s fears about the surgery?
A)
Explain that nothing is going to hurt and that it will soon be over.
B)
Be honest about pain and use words the child can understand.
C)
Ask the child’s parents to pretend that nothing is going to be done.
D)
Ignore the child’s fears and focus on teaching the parents.

25.

Which of the following would be an appropriate topic for a nurse to present at an elementary school PTA meeting?
A)
prevention of congenital anomalies
B)
dangers of smoking and drinking during pregnancy
C)
importance of bonding and attachment
D)
commonality of communicable diseases

26.

A young adult tells the nurse that he has been sexually active with his girlfriend. What teaching is most important for this individual?
A)
proper hygiene
B)
condom use
C)
relationships
D)
stress

27.

A school nurse is concerned about the almost skeletal appearance of one of the high school students. Although all of the following nutritional problems can occur in adolescents, which one is most often associated with a negative self-concept?
A)
eating fast foods
B)
obesity
C)
fad dieting
D)
anorexia nervosa

Answer Key

A, E

A, B, C